Archive for April 2016
মুখবন্ধ/উপক্রমণিকা
By : Maruf Al Beruneeআউজুবিল্লাহি মিনাশ শায়তানির রাজীম
বিসমিল্লাহির রাহমানির রাহীম
“আল-বায়ান” পরিবার ও সংশ্লিষ্ট সকলের জন্য প্রযোজ্যঃ
আল্লাহর সৎকর্মপরায়ণ বান্দাদের উপর বর্ষিত হোক শান্তি, রহমত ও বরকত।
সকল প্রসংশা আল্লাহর যিনি বিশ্বজগতের প্রতিপালক। সালাত ও সালাম বর্ষিত হোক আদম থেকে শুরু করে মুহাম্মাদ পর্যন্ত সকল নবী রাসূলের উপর। আমরা তাদের মাঝে কোন পার্থক্য করি না। আর আমরা আল্লাহর নিকট আত্মসমর্পকারী।
বিশ্বায়নের আগ্রাসনের মোকাবেলায় নতুন করে ইসলামী পুনরুত্থান ও পুনরজাগরনের পত্র তোমাদের নিকট আসছে। যার প্রতি ইঙ্গিত দিয়েছেন ডঃ ফরিদ আল আনসারী ও অন্যান্য লেখকগণ তাদের প্রবন্ধে। এবং তারা বিবেকবান পাঠকের কাছ থেকে তা থেকে সত্যের দিকে নিষ্ক্রমণের উপায় বের করতে মতামত চেয়েছেন।
মানব বিশ্ব বর্তমানে ইতিহাসের সবচেয়ে ...............। মুস্তাদআফ নর-নারী ও শিশুরা আরশের মালিকের কাছে কাতর স্বরে ফরিয়াদ জানাচ্ছে যেন তিনি তাদের জন্য একজন অভিভাবক ও সাহায্যকারী নির্ধারণ করে দেন।
আর এই পত্র
আল্লাহ বনী আদমকে এই পৃথিবীতে এবং পৃথিবীতে যা কিছু আছে তার উপর খলিফা বানিয়েছেন।
ইয়াহুদি, খৃষ্টান ও আজকের মুসলমানরা কেউই তাদের পিতা ইব্রাহীমের মত হানিফ মুসলিম না। বরং তাদের প্রত্যেকেই কাফির, মুশরিক অথবা মুরতাদ। সুতরাং পৃথিবী এখন নাস্তিকতা ও ধর্মহীনতায় এমনভাবে ভরে গেছে যে পৃথিবীতে এক টুকরা জমিও নেই যেখানে একজন একনিষ্ঠ মুমিন ব্যক্তি তার রবকে সিজদা করবে। আল্লাহ এক-অদ্বিতীয়, আল্লাহ কাহারও মুখাপেক্ষি নন, সকলেই তাহার মুখাপেক্ষী; যিনি কাহাকেও জন্ম দেন নাই এবং তাঁহাকেও জন্ম দেওয়া হই নাই, এবং তাঁহার সমতুল্য কেহই নাই।
আর সকাল খুবই নিকটে।
আল্লাহর সত্যবাদি বান্দাদের উপর সালাম।
ইমামুদ্দীন মুহাম্মাদ তোয়াহা
তারিখঃ ৩০ জিলকদ ১৪২৪ হিজরি
মোতাবেক ২৩ জানুয়ারী ২০০৪ খ্রিস্টাব্দ
ঢাকা, বাংলাদেশ।
রোড ম্যাপঃ ঢাকা থেকে মক্কা, মক্কা থেকে বিশ্ব।
মুনতাদা আল ইসলামী কর্তৃক লন্ডন থেকে প্রকাশিত “আল বায়ান” ম্যাগাজিন এর প্রতি
ওইদিন আসার পূর্বে যেদিন কোন ক্রয়-বিক্রয় ও বন্ধুত্ব কাজে আসবে না।
তাৎক্ষণিক প্রতিক্রিয়া।
হাঁ, হজ্জ হচ্ছে বিশ্ববিদ্যালয়, কিন্তু সাধারণ কোন বিশ্ববিদ্যালয় নয়।
ইমামুদ্দীন মুহাম্মাদ তোয়াহা
muhammadjbd@gmail.com
হজ্জে মাবরুর হল বিশ্ববিদ্যালয় আর হজ্জে মাগরুর (প্রতারণা ও ধোঁকা) হল পর্যটন ও রাজস্ব সংগ্রহ।
১।
মানুষের মধ্যে যাহার সেখানে যাওয়ার সামর্থ্য আছে, আল্লাহর উদ্দেশ্যে ঐ গৃহের হজ্জ করা তাহার অবশ্যকর্তব্য। এই সামর্থ্য বলতে মক্কা যাওয়া-আসার টিকেট ও পরিবারের ব্যয়ভার বহন করাকে বোঝায় না।
হে আল্লাহ! আমি কি পৌঁছিয়েছি? হে আল্লাহ! আমি কি পৌঁছিয়েছি? হে আল্লাহ! আমি কি পৌঁছিয়েছি?
হে বনী আদম! হে মুস্তাদআফ আল্লাহর দাসেরা! তোমরা তাগুত শয়তানদের থেকে তোমাদের মুখ ফিরিয়ে নাও। তোমরা সন্তুষ্ট ও সন্তোষভাজন রূপে
ইন্না লিল্লাহি ওয়া ইন্না ইলাইহি রাজিউন।
আল্লাহ ইসলামের জন্য যাহার বক্ষ উম্মুক্ত করিয়া দিয়াছেন এবং যে তাহার প্রতিপালক প্রদত্ত আলোতে রহিয়াছে, সে কি তাহার সমান যে এরুপ নহে? দুর্ভোগ সেই কঠোর হৃদয় ব্যক্তিদের জন্য যাহারা আল্লাহর স্মরণে পরাঙ্মুখ! উহারা স্পষ্ট বিভ্রান্তিতে আছে।
হে আল্লাহর দাস ও সৈনিকরা! হে আল্লাহর দল ও মহাপুরুষরা! হে দৃঢ়প্রতিজ্ঞ রাসুল নূহ, ইবরাহীম, মুসা, ঈসা ও মুহাম্মাদ সাঃ দের অনুসারী যায়েদ, বিলাল, সুহাইব, আম্মার, ইবনে মাসউদ, সালমান, আইমান উসামাহরা! তোমরা কঠিন বিপদে পড়ে নির্বাক হওয়া অবস্থা থেকে জেগে ওঠো! “সুতরাং তোমরা হীনবল হইও না এবং সন্ধির প্রস্তাব করিও না, তোমরাই প্রবল; আল্লাহ তোমাদের সঙ্গে আছেন, তিনি তোমাদের কর্মফল কখনও ক্ষুণ্ণ করবেন না”।
এই মহা গুরুত্বপূর্ণ কাজের আঞ্জাম দেওয়ার জন্য আল্লাহ তাঁর এই বান্দার বক্ষ উম্মুক্ত করেছেন। আমি তোমাদেরকে মুক্তির দিকে আহবান করছি। আল্লাহ আমাকে সুলাইমানের মত মীমাংসাকারী জ্ঞান দান করেছেন। তিনি আমাকে তাঁর নূরের উপর অধিষ্ঠিত করেছেন। তোমরা চিৎকার করে স্লোগান দাও ও মানুষের মাঝে একথা পৌঁছিয়ে দাও যে মানুষ বনী আদম। তাদের মধ্যে মুত্তাকীতম ব্যক্তিই সর্বাধিক সম্মানিত। আর আল্লাহর দ্বীনে কোন ইয়াহুদি, নাসারা, সুন্নী, শিয়াবাদ নেই। এগুলো শুধু শয়তানের দ্বীনেই রয়েছে। আর শয়তান তোমাদের প্রকাশ্য শত্রু।
আল্লাহ সিদ্ধান্ত করিয়াছেন, আমি অবশ্যই বিজয়ী হইব এবং আমার রাসুলগণও। নিশ্চয় আল্লাহ শক্তিমান, পরাক্রমশালী।
হে আল্লাহর দাসেরা! রাসুলদের মত আল্লাহর উদ্দেশ্যে দাঁড়িয়ে যাও সে ইমামের পেছনে যে ইমামের নামে কিয়ামতের দিন আমাদের আহবান করা হবে। অতএব তুমি ধৈর্য ধারণ কর যেমন ধৈর্য ধারণ করিয়াছিল দৃঢ়প্রতিজ্ঞ রাসুলগণ।
হে নবীদের ওয়ারিশগণ! তোমরা আল্লাহর বন্ধুরুপে ন্যয়বিচারে দৃঢ়প্রতিষ্ঠিত থাকিবে আল্লাহর সাক্ষী স্বরুপ; যদিও ইহা তোমাদের নিজেদের অথবা পিতামাতা এবং আত্মীয়স্বজনের বিরুদ্ধে হয়। তাহলে আল্লাহ তোমাদের অন্তরে ঈমান অংকিত করে দিবেন। এবং তোমাদেরকে শক্তিশালী করবেন তাঁর পক্ষ থেকে রুহ দ্বারা। এবং তোমাদের প্রতি সন্তুষ্ট হবেন ও আল্লাহর দল বানাবেন। জানিয়া রাখ, আল্লাহর দলই সফলকাম হইবে। তিনি তাঁহার বান্দাদের অকৃতজ্ঞতা ও আল্লাহর দলের নামে দলাদলি পসন্দ করেন না। তারা হল আহযাব ( বিভিন্ন দল)। তারা পরাক্রমশালী এক আল্লাহর দলের বিরুদ্ধে। তারা আল্লাহ, রাসুল ও মুমিনদের শত্রু। অতপর তাদেরকে সতর্ক কর পূর্ববর্তী সম্প্রদায়সমূহের মতই বিপদসঙ্কুল দিনের। জাতীয়তাবাদ ও গোত্রবাদের দলাদলি, যেমন কাওমে নূহ, কাওমে আদ, কাওমে ফিরাউন, কাওমে সামুদ ও কাউমে লুত। উহারা প্রত্যেকেই ছিল এক-একটি বিশাল বাহিনী। তাদের ধংসের সকল লক্ষণ এসে গেছে। এই আহজাবদের জন্য বাকি আছে শুধু একটি মহানাদ; কেবলমাত্র এক মহানাদ। ফলে উহারা নিথর নিস্তব্ধ হইয়া গেল। কেবলমাত্র এক মহানাদ যাহা ইহাদিগকে আঘাত করিবে ইহাদের বাক-বিতণ্ডাকালে। কেবলমাত্র এক মহানাদ; তখনই ইহাদের সকলকে উপস্থিত করা হইবে আমার সম্মুখে।
তোমরা কোরআনকে শক্তভাবে ধারণ কর। আর নবী সাঃ এর কুরআন এর আলোকে বলা সহিহ বানীও ধারণ কর। তাওহিদের উর্ধে কোন ঈমান নেই, রিসালাতের নিচে কোন দ্বীন ও শরীয়া নেই। মুহাম্মাদ সাঃ এর রিসালাতই হল সকল রাসূলের রিসালাত। আমরা তাদের মধ্যে কোন পার্থক্য করি না।
বনী আদমের মধ্য হতে আগত ইমামের পেছনে তওবা করে আল্লাহর পানে ধাবিত হও যাতে করে ঐ সালাত আবার কায়েম করা যায় যে সালাত ইয়াহুদী, খৃস্টান ও আরবরা নষ্ট করেছিল। “উহাদের পরে আসিল অপদার্থ পরবর্তীরা, তাহারা সালাত নষ্ট করিল ও লালসা-পরবশ হইল”।
সবশেষে আমি আমার ও তোমাদের জন্য তেলাওয়াত করছিঃ “যাহারা ঈমান আনে ও সৎকর্ম করে দয়াময় অবশ্যই তাহাদের জন্য সৃষ্টি করিবেন ভালবাসা। আমি তো তোমার ভাষায় কুরআনকে সহজ করিয়া দিয়াছি যাহাতে তুমি উহা দ্বারা মুত্তাকীদেরকে সুসংবাদ দিতে পার এবং বিতণ্ডাপ্রবণ সম্প্রদায়কে উহা দ্বারা সতর্ক করিতে পার। তাহাদের পূর্বে আমি কত মানবগোষ্ঠীকে বিনাশ করিয়াছি! তুমি কি তাহাদের কাহাকেও দেখিতে পাও অথবা ক্ষীণতম শব্দও শুনিতে পাও?”
এই টেলিগ্রাম বার্তার সাথে তোমাদের জন্য আরও দুটি পত্রের কপি দেওয়া হল, দশ রজনীর আযান ও দায়মুক্তির পত্রের কপি ও ইরানী ওলামা পরিষদের প্রতি লেখা পত্রের কপি।
তোমরা সাক্ষী থাক, আল্লাহই সর্বোত্তম সাক্ষী।
সৎকর্ম পরায়ণ আল্লাহর বান্দাদের উপর সালাম।
ইমামুদ্দীন মুহাম্মাদ তোয়াহা
এই টেলিগ্রাম বার্তা লেখা শেষ হয়েছে পবিত্র মুহাররম মাসের ১২ তারিখ,বৃহস্পতিবার দুপুরে, ১৪২৫ হিজরি।
Barakah - Foster Mother of Prophet Muhammad
By : muhammadBarakah - Foster Mother of Prophet Muhammad
We do not know precisely how the young Abyssinian girl ended up for sale in Makkah. We do not know her 'roots', who her mother was, or her father or her ancestors. There were many like her, boys and girls, Arabs and non-Arabs, who were captured and brought to the slave market of the city to be sold.
A terrible fate awaited some who ended up in the hands of cruel masters or mistresses who exploited their labor to the full and treated them with the utmost harsh ness.
A few in that inhuman environment were rather more fortunate. They were taken into the homes of more gentle and caring people.
Barakah, the young Abyssinian girl, was one of the more fortunate ones. She was saved by the generous and kind Abdullah, the son of Abd al-Muttalib. 'She became the only servant in his household and when he was married, to the lady Aminah, she looked after her affairs as well.
Two weeks after the couple were married, according to Barakah, Abdullah's father came to their house and instructed his son to go with a trading caravan that was leaving for Syria. Aminah was deeply distressed and cried:
"How strange! How strange! How can my husband go on a trading journey to Syria while I am yet a bride and the traces of henna are still on my hands."
Abdullah's departure was heartbreaking. In her anguish, Aminah fainted. Soon after he left, Barakah said: "When I saw Aminah unconscious, I shouted in distress and pain: 'O my lady!' Aminah opened her eyes and looked at me with tears streaming down her face. Suppressing a groan she said: "Take me to bed, Barakah."
"Aminah stayed bedridden for a long time. She spoke to no one. Neither did she look at anyone who visited her except Abd al-Muttalib, that noble and gentle old man. "Two months after the departure of Abdullah, Aminah called me at dawn one morning and, her face beaming with joy, she said to me:
"O Barakah! I have seen a strange dream." "Something good, my lady," I said.
"I saw lights coming from my abdomen lighting up the
mountains, the hills and the valleys around Makkah." "Do you feel pregnant, my lady?"
"Yes, Barakah," she replied. "But I do not feel any discomfort as other women feel." "You shall give birth to a blessed child who will bring goodness," I said.
So long as Abdullah was away, Aminah remained sad and melancholic. Barakah stayed at her side trying to comfort her and make her cheerful by talking to her and relating stories. Aminah however became even more distressed when Abd al-Muttalib came and told her she had to leave her home and go to the mountains as other Makkans had done because of an impending attack on the city by the ruler of Yemen, someone called Abrahah. Aminah told him that she was too grief-striken and weak to leave for the mountains but insisted that Abrahah could never enter Makkah and destroy the Kabah because it was protected by the Lord. Abd al-Muttalib became very agitated but there was no sign of fear on Aminah's face. Her confidence that the Kabah would not be harmed was well-founded. Abrahah's army with an elephant in the vanguard was destroyed before it could enter Makkah.
Day and night, Barakah stayed beside Aminah. She said: "I slept at the foot of her bed and heard her groans at night as she called for her absent husband. Her moans would awaken me and I would try to comfort her and give her courage."
The first part of the caravan from Syria returned and was joyously welcomed by the trading families of Makkah. Barakah went secretly to the house of Abd al-Muttalib to find out about Abdullah but had no news of him. She went back to Aminah but did not tell her what she had seen or heard in order not to distress her. The entire caravan eventually returned but not with Abdullah.
Later, Barakah was at Abd al-Muttalib's house when news came from Yathrib that Abdullah had died. She said: "I screamed when I heard the news. I don't know what I did after that except that I ran to Aminah's house shouting, lamenting for the absent one who would never return, lamenting for the beloved one for whom we waited so long, lamenting for the most beautiful youth of Makkah, for Abdullah, the pride of the Quraysh.
"When Aminah heard the painful news, she fainted and I stayed by her bedside while she was in a state between life and death. There was no one else but me in Aminah's house. I nursed her and looked after her during the day and through the long nights until she gave birth to her child, "Muhammad", on a night in which the heavens were resplendent with the light of God."
When Muhammad was born, Barakah was the first to hold him in her arms. His grandfather came and took him to the Kabah and with all Makkah, celebrated his birth. Barakah stayed with Aminah while Muhammad was sent to the badiyah with the lady Halimah who looked after him in the bracing atmosphere of the open desert. At the end of five years, he was brought back to Makkah and Aminah received him with tenderness and love and Barakah welcomed him "with joy, longing and admiration".
When Muhammad was six years old, his mother decided to visit the grave of her husband, Abdullah, in Yathrib. Both Barakah and Abd al-Muttalib tried to dissuade her. Aminah however was determined. So one morning they set off- Aminah, Muhammad and Barakah huddled together in a small hawdaj mounted on a large camel, part of a huge caravan that was going to Syria. In order to shield the tender child from any pain and worry, Aminah did not tell Muhammad that she was going to visit the grave of his father.
The caravan went at a brisk pace. Barakah tried to console Aminah for her son's sake and much of the time the boy Muhammad slept with his arms around Barakah's neck.
The caravan took ten days to reach Yathrib. The boy Muhammad was left with his maternal uncles of the Banu Najjar while Aminah went to visit the grave of Abdullah. Each day for a few weeks she stayed at the grave. She was consumed by grief.
On the way back to Makkah, Aminah became seriously ill with fever. Halfway between Yathrib and Makkah, at a place called al-Abwa, they stopped. Aminah's health deteriorated rapidly. One pitch dark night, she was running a high temperature. The fever had got to her head and she called out to Barakah in a choking voice.
Barakah related: "She whispered in my ear: 'O Barakah, I shall depart from this world shortly. I commend my son Muhammad to your care. He lost his father while he was in my abdomen. Here he is now, losing his mother under his very eyes. Be a mother to him, Barakah. And don't ever leave him.'
"My heart was shattered and I began to sob and wail. The child was distressed by my wailing and began to weep. He threw himself into his mother's arms and held tightly onto her neck. She gave one last moan and then was forever silent."
Barakah wept. She wept bitterly. With her own hands she dug a grave in the sand and buried Aminah, moistening the grave with whatever tears were left in her heart. Barakah returned with the orphan child to Makkah and placed him in the care of his grandfather. She stayed at his house to look after him. When Abd al-Muttalib died two years later, she went with the child to the house of his uncle Abu Talib and continued to look after his needs until he was grown up and married the lady Khadijah.
Barakah then stayed with Muhammad and Khadijah in a house belonging to Khadijah. "I never left him and he never left me," she said. One day Muhammad, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, called out to her and said: "Ya Ummah!" (He always called her "Mother".) "Now I am a married man, and you are still unmarried. What do you think if someone should come now and ask to marry you?" Barakah looked at Muhammad and said: "I shall never leave you. Does a mother abandon her son?" Muhammad smiled and kissed her head. He looked at his wife Khadijah and said to her: "This is Barakah. This is my mother after my own mother. She is the rest of my family."
Barakah looked at the lady Khadijah who said to her: "Barakah, you have sacrificed your youth for the sake of Muhammad. Now he wants to pay back some of his obligations to you. For my sake and his, agree to be married before old age overtakes you."
"Whom shall I marry, my lady?" asked Barakah. "There is here now Ubayd ibn Zayd from the Khazraj tribe of Yathrib. He has come to us seeking your hand in marriage. For my sake, don't refuse."
Barakah agreed. She married Ubayd ibn Zayd and went with him to Yathrib. There she gave birth to a son whom she called Ayman and from that time onwards people called her "Umm Ayman" the mother of Ayman.
Her marriage however did not last very long. Her husband died and she returned once more to Makkah to live with her "son" Muhammad in the house of the lady Khadijah. Living in the same household at the time were Ali ibn Abi Talib, Hind (Khadijah's daughter by her first husband), and Zayd ibn Harithah.
Zayd was an Arab from the tribe of Kalb who was captured as a boy and brought to Makkah to be sold in the slave market. He was bought by Khadijah's nephew and put in her service. In Khadijah's household, Zayd became attached to Muhammad and devoted himself to his service. Their relationship was like that of a son to a father. Indeed when Zayd's father came to Makkah in search of him, Zayd was given the choice by Muhammad of either going with his father or staying with him. Zayd's reply to his father was:
"I shall never leave this man. He has treated me nobly, as a father would treat his son. Not a single day have I felt that I am a slave. He has looked after me well. He is kind and loving towards me and strives for my enjoyment and happiness. He is the most noble of men and the greatest person in creation. How can I leave him and go with you?...I shall never leave him."
Later, in public Muhammad proclaimed the freedom of Zayd. However, Zayd continued to live with him as part of his household and devoted himself to his service.
When Muhammad was blessed with prophethood, Barakah and Zayd were among the first to believe in the message he proclaimed. They bore with the early Muslims the persecution which the Quraysh meted out to them.
Barakah and Zayd performed invaluable services to the mission of the Prophet. They acted as part of an intelligence service exposing themselves to the persecution and punishment of the Quraysh and risking their lives to gain information on the plans and conspiracies of the mushrikin.
One night the mushrikun blocked off the roads leading to the House of al-Arqam where the Prophet gathered his companions regularly to instruct them in the teachings of Islam. Barakah had some urgent information from Khadijah which had to be conveyed to the Prophet. She risked her life trying to reach the House of al-Arqam. When she arrived and conveyed the message to the Prophet, he smiled and said to her:
"You are blessed, Umm Ayman. Surely you have a place in Paradise." When Umm Ayman left, the Prophet looked at his companions and asked: "Should one of you desire to marry a woman from the people of Paradise, let him marry Umm Ayman."
Ali the companions remained silent and did not utter a word. Umm Ayman was neither beautiful nor attractive. She was by now about fifty years old and looked rather frail. Zayd ibn al-Harithah however came forward and said:
"Messenger of Allah, I shall marry Umm Ayman. By Allah, she is better than women who have grace and beauty."
Zayd and Umm Ayman were married and were blessed with a son whom they named Usamah. The Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, loved Usamah as his own son. Often he played with him, kissed him and fed him with his own hands. The Muslims would say: "He is the beloved son of the beloved." From an early age Usamah distinguished himself in the service of lslam, and was later given weighty responsibilities by the Prophet.
When the Prophet migrated to Yathrib, henceforth to be known as al-Madinah, he left Umm Ayman behind in Makkah to look after certain special affairs in his household. Eventually she migrated to Madinah on her own. She made the long and difficult journey through the desert and mountainous terrain on foot. The heat was killing and sandstorms obscured the way but she persisted, borne along by her deep love and attachment for Muhammad, may God bless him and grant him peace. When she reached Madinah, her feet were sore and swollen and her face was covered with sand and dust.
"Ya Umm Ayman! Ya Ummi! (O Umm Ayman! O my mother!) Indeed for you is a place in Paradise!" exclaimed the Prophet when he saw her. He wiped her face and eyes, massaged her feet and rubbed her shoulders with his kind and gentle hands.
At Madinah, Umm Ayman played her full part in the affairs of the Muslims. At Uhud she distributed water to the thirsty and tended the wounded. She accompanied the Prophet on some expeditions, to Khaybar and Hunayn for example.
Her son Ayman, a devoted companion of the Prophet was martyred at Hunayn in the eighth year after the Hijrah. Barakah's husband, Zayd, was killed at the Battle of Mutah in Syria after a lifetime of distinguished service to the Prophet and Islam. Barakah at this time was about seventy years old and spent much of her time at home. The Prophet, accompanied by Abu Bakr and Umar often visited her and asked: "Ya Ummi! Are you well?" and she would reply: "I am well, O Messenger of Allah so long as Islam is."
After the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, had died, Barakah would often be found with tears in her eyes. She was once asked, "Why are you crying?" and she replied: "By Allah, I knew that the Messenger of Allah would die but I cry now because the revelation from on high has come to an end for us."
Barakah was unique in that she was the only one who was so close to the Prophet throughout his life from birth till death. Her life was one of selfless service in the Prophet's household. She remained deeply devoted to the person of the noble, gentle and caring Prophet. Above all, her devotion to the religion of Islam was strong and unshakable. She died during the caliphate of Uthman. Her roots were unknown but her place in Paradise was assured.
BLACK HISTORY MONTH
Umm Ayman, May Allah
be pleased with her:
A Notable Muslim African Woman
A Notable Muslim African Woman
If you're looking for an important
Muslim African woman to talk about during Black History month, look no further
than the Seerah of the Prophet Muhammad (peace and blessings be upon him) , and
the woman he described as his "mother after my own mother. She is the rest
of my family."
Barakah or Umm Ayman was the name of
the woman whom the noble Prophet esteemed so highly. She was the first person
to hold him in her arms when he was born and the only person who knew him from
that point until his death. She was one of the few Muslims who the Prophet
assured of a place in Paradise.
"Be a mother to him, Barakah.
And don't ever leave him," Amina instructed her about her son as she lay
dying.
Umm Ayman did not fail in her
responsibility.
Her beginnings were more than
humble. In her youth, the Abyssinian girl was put up for sale in Makkah as a
slave. In pre-Islamic Arabia, slavery was no shame, and slaves were treated
like animals.
But Barakah was blessed to be
treated with kindness.
She was bought by a noble and gentle
man: Abdullah, the son of Abdul Muttalib. The father of the Prophet.
Barakah not only took care of
Abdullah's affairs as a servant in his home, but after he married the Prophet's
mother, she looked after Amina as well.
It was Umm Ayman who slept at the
foot of Amina's bed and comforted her when, only two weeks after her wedding,
her husband was instructed to leave for that journey to Syria, after which he
never came back. It was Umm Ayman who took care of Amina during her pregnancy.
It was Umm Ayman who gave Amina the
news of her husband's death at Yathrib (her son, too, would one day be buried
there), what was later to be known as Madinah.
As the Prophet faced tragedy upon
tragedy, Umm Ayman was there for him. From the time when his mother died when
he was six, to when his grandfather Abdul Muttalib died when he was eight, Umm
Ayman stayed with the Prophet.
It was only after the Prophet
married Khadija (may Allah be pleased with her) that she married, and that too,
on their insistence.
She married Ubayd ibn Zayd from the
Khazraj tribe of Yathrib and they had a son named Ayman, thus her name Umm
Ayman.
When the Prophet received the
prophethood, Umm Ayman was among the first Muslims, and like the others,
bravely faced the punishments of the Quraish for those who dared to believe in
La ilaha illa Allah Muhammadur Rasool ullah.
She and Zayd ibn Harithah, another
companion who lived in the Prophet's household, put their lives on the line to
find out about the plots and conspiracies of the pagan Makkans against the
Prophet and the Muslims.
During the Battle of Uhud she gave
out water to the thirsty soldiers and took care of the wounded. She accompanied
the Prophet on some expeditions.
She tied her well-being to that of
Islam. During a visit from the Prophet, he asked: "Ya Ummi! Are you
well?" and she would reply: "I am well, O Messenger of Allah so long
as Islam is."
Umm Ayman's husband died not very
long after their marriage. When she was in about her 50s, the Prophet, when
speaking to his companions said, "Should one of you desire to marry a
woman from the people of Paradise, let him marry Umm Ayman."
It was Zayd who stepped forward and
agreed to marry her. They had a son named Usamah who was described as "the
beloved son of the beloved." In other words, the Prophet loved both he and
his father.
One example of Umm Ayman's
dedication to Islam and the Prophet was when she trekked across the burning
desert through sandstorms on foot from Makkah to Madinah to join the Prophet.
Despite the harshness of the journey though, she persisted, and was given good
news when she reached her destination.
When she got to Madinah, swollen
feet, dust-covered face and all, the Prophet said to her,
"Ya Umm Ayman! Ya Ummi! (O Umm
Ayman! O my mother!) Indeed for you is a place in Paradise!"
She became a widow again, after Zayd
was killed during the Battle of Mutah in Syria. She also lived to see her son's
martyrdom at the Battle of Hunayn.
Ayman lived to see her other
"son" die as well: the Prophet. But it was not for him she cried.
When asked, she said, "By Allah, I knew that the Messenger of Allah would
die but I cry now because the revelation from on high has come to an end for
us."
Umm Ayman died when Uthman (may
Allah be pleased with him) was Khalifa.
- Abyssinian slave girl brought up in the household of Abdullah & Amina.
- Knew and accompanied the Prophet (peace be upon him) from his birth till his last days.
- Served the Prophet (peace be upon him) and Islam until her death.
- Was like a second mother to the Prophet (peace be upon him) after the death of Amina.
- The Prophet (peace be upon him) praised her on many occasions and granted her the good tidings of paradise.
Early Life
- Sold as a slave in Makkah and bought by Abdullah the father of the Prophet (peace be upon him)
- Grew up in the household of Abdullah and Amina
- Witnessed the wedding and the departure of Abdullah on a business trip to Syria leaving Amina distressed.
- Witnessed the sad news of the death of Abdullah but at the same time witnessed the good tidings of the pregnant Amina and her vision of a light emanating from her abdomen.
- Witnessed the year of the Elephant and the destruction of the army of Abraha.
After the Birth of the Prophet
(peace be upon him)
- Comforts Amina after the death of Abdullah and remains by her side until the birth of the Prophet (peace be upon him).
- The first to hold the Prophet (peace be upon him).
- The Prophet (peace be upon him) is sent to the desert with Halima while Barakah stayed with Amina and took care of her.
- The Prophet (peace be upon him) returns from the desert aged 5 and at age 6 his mother takes him to visit the grave of his father Abdullah.
- Barakah accompanies them both on this journey and on the way back Amina passes away.
- Barakah buries Amina with her own hands and promises to take care of the orphan child Muhmmad (peace be upon him).
- Barakah stays with the Prophet (peace be upon him) in the house of Abdul Muttalib, and then when Abdul Muttalib passes away she moves with the Prophet (peace be upon him) to the house of Abu Talib.
The marriage of the Prophet (peace
be upon him) to Khadija
- The Prophet (peace be upon him) grow up to be man, and accepts the proposal of marriage from Khadija (RA) and goes to live with her at her house.
- Barakah moves into the household of the Prophet (peace be upon him) which at the time consisted of the Prophet (peace be upon him), Khadija (RA), Hind (the daughter of Khadija from her previous marriage), Ali ibn Abi Talib (RA), Zaid ibn Haritha (RA) who was a slave boy of Khadija.
- Barakah was one of the first people to accept Islam when the Prophet (peace be upon him) received the revelation.
Barakah’s marriages
- Having had so much good done to him by Barakah, the Prophet (peace be upon him) wanted to do something for her so arranged for her freedom and marriage to a Khazrajite named ‘Ubayd ibn Zaid.
- Barakah married ‘Ubayd ibn Zayd and moved to Madina.
- Barakah bore a son named Ayman but unfortunately her husband died shortly after and therefore she returned back to the household of the Prophet (peace be upon him).
- The Prophet (peace be upon him) took her in, looked after her.
- One day while the Prophet (peace be upon him) was teaching in the house of Arqam, the Chief of Quraysh blocked all the roads leading to the house and harassing anyone that tried to approach it. Khadija had some important news that she needed to get to the Prophet (peace be upon him) but she did no know how to as the Quraysh had blocked the paths. Barakah offered to help and risked her life to go to the Prophet (peace be upon him) with the news. The Prophet (peace be upon him) upon seeing her said: “You are blessed, Umm Ayman. Surely you have a place in Paradise.” When she delivered the news and left the Prophet (peace be upon him) said to his companions “Should one of you wish to marry a woman of Paradise, he should marry Umm Ayman.”
- Barakah was fairly old at the time, she was of Abysinnian decent, she used to be a slave, and she was not the best looking either, therefore due to these factors most of the companions remained silent at the offer. However, the slave boy of Khadija, who was now a man took up the offer and accepted to marry Barakah.
- Zaid ibn Haritha and Barakah were married and they had a son named Usama who was to be one of the future leaders of Islam.
Her service to the Prophet (peace be
upon him) and the Muslims
- When the Prophet (peace be upon him migrated to Madina he left Barakah in Makkah to look after some of his affairs. Knowing the dangers she still accepted to stay behind and then made the Journey to Madina on her own and on foot through the desert.
- When she reached Madina covered in sand and fatigued from the journey, the Prophet (peace be upon him) saw her and remarked ‘O Umm Ayman, O my mother! Indeed for you is a place in Paradise.”
- He then sat her down, wiped the dirt from her face and massaged her feet and shoulders.
- She provided water to the Mujahidin in the battle of Uhud and the nursed the injured soldiers. She accompanied the Prophet (peace be upon him) to the battle of Khaybar and Hunayn.
- Her son Ayman was martyred in the battle of Hunayn and her husband, Zaid, was martyred in the battle of Mu’ta.
The deep love of the Prophet (peace
be upon) for Barakah
- The Prophet (peace be upon him) loved Barakah as a mother and was very fond of her.
- He (peace be upon him) called her ‘Ummi’, i.e. my mother and said to Khadija about her that “This is Barakah. This is my mother after my own mother. She is the rest of my family.”
- The Prophet (peace be upon him) gave her the glad tidings of paradise as mentioned above.
- In her old age, the Prophet (peace be upon him would visit her regularly and ask after her and ensure that she is well.
Her death
- Barakah lived a long life and died during the Caliphate of Uthman ibn ‘Affan (RA).
بركة بنت ثعلبة
من ويكيبيديا، الموسوعة الحرة
أم أيمن بركة بنت ثعلبة بن عمرو بن
حصن الحبشية حاضنة
رسول الله محمد ومربيته من أيام أمه آمنة، ورثها الرسول من أمه، ثم أعتقها،
فبقيت ملازمة له طيلة حياتها.
أسلمت مبكرا بعد خديجة وعلي وزيد، زوّجها الرسول عبيداً الخزرجي بمكة، فولدت له أيمن، ولما مات زوجها، زوجها الرسول زيد بن حارثة، فولدت له أسامة أصغر قائد في الإسلام ،هاجرت إلى المدينة، وخرجت يوم أحد بالسيف تدافع عن رسول الله عندما رأت الناس تفر من حوله.
أسلمت مبكرا بعد خديجة وعلي وزيد، زوّجها الرسول عبيداً الخزرجي بمكة، فولدت له أيمن، ولما مات زوجها، زوجها الرسول زيد بن حارثة، فولدت له أسامة أصغر قائد في الإسلام ،هاجرت إلى المدينة، وخرجت يوم أحد بالسيف تدافع عن رسول الله عندما رأت الناس تفر من حوله.
محتويات
حياتها
كانت أم أيمن مولاة لعبد الله بن عبد المطلب، ولما توفي عبد الله ووضعت آمنة مولودها، أخذته أم أيمن وظلت
محتضنة به حتى بلغ أشده. فلما تزوج السيدة خديجة بنت خويلد أعتقها. وكان الرسول
يقول عنها: "أم أيمن، أمي بعد أمي".
أزواجها
تزوجت من عبيد بن الحارث الخزرجي
فأنجبت ابنها أيمن الذي استشهد يوم حنين، وبعد وفاة زوجها، وانتهاء عدتها قال
رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم: من سره أن يتزوج من امرأة من أهل الجنة فليتزوج أم
أيمن، فتزوجها زيد بن حارثة وأنجبت له أسامة.
إسلامها
كان إسلامها منذ بداية الدعوة، وقد
حسن إسلامها، وهي صاحبة الهجرتين وبرفقة النساء اللائي هاجرن إلى الحبشة أولا[1]. ولكنها هاجرت بمفردها من مكة إلى المدينة سيرا على الأقدام، وليس معها زاد.
الغزوات
التي ساهمت بها
اشتركت في غزوة أحد، وكانت تسقي الماء، وتداوي الجرحى،
وكانت تحثو التراب في وجوه الذين فروا من المعركة، وتقول لبعضهم: ((هاك المغزل
وهات سيفك)). وشهدت مع الرسول غزوتي خيبر وحنين.
وفاتها
توفيت في أول خلافة عثمان
بن عفان، وبعد مقتل عمر بعشرين يوما. صُلِّيَ عليها ودفنت بالبقيع. وذكر الإمام الذهبي في "سير
أعلام النبلاء" أنها توفيت عام 11 هـ، بعد وفاة رسول الله - صلى الله عليه
وسلم - بخمسة أشهر.
أم أيمن في
السينما والتلفزيون
ظهرت شخصية أم ايمن في التلفزيون في
مسلسل قمر بني هاشم
من إخراج محمد
الشيخ نجيب و قد جسدتها الممثلة السورية رنا شميس.
المصادر
- ^ أسد الغاب
7371- أم أيمن مولاة رسول الله صلى الله عليه
وسلم
ب د ع: أم أيمن مولاة رسول الله صَلَّى
اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ وحاضنته واسمها بركة وهي حبشية فأعتقها عبد الله أبو رسول
الله صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قديما أول الإسلام، وهاجرت إلى الحبشة، إلى
المدينة، وبايعت رسول الله صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ وقيل: إنها كانت لأخت
خديجة، فوهبتها لرسول الله صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ وقيل: كانت لأم رسول
الله صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ وهي التي شربت بول النبي صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ
وَسَلَّمَ فقال لها: " لا ييجع بطنك أبدا ".
، وقيل: إن التي شربت بوله بركة جارية
أم حبيبة، وتكنى أم أيمن، بابنها أيمن بن عبيد.
وتزوجها زيد بن حارثة بن عبيد الحبشي،
وكان رسول الله صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يقول: " أم أيمن أمي بعد أمي
".
وكان يزورها في بيتها.
(2409) أخبرنا عبد الوهاب، بإسناده
عن عبد الله، حدثني أبي، حدثنا عبد الصمد، حدثنا حماد، عن ثابت، عن أنس، " أن
أم أيمن بكت لما قبض رسول الله صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فقيل لها: ما يبكيك
على رسول الله صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فقالت: إني علمت، أن النبي صَلَّى
اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ سيموت، ولكن أبكي على الوحي الذي رفع عنا "
(2410) أخبرنا يحيى بن محمود
وأبو ياسر، بإسنادهما عن مسلم بن أبي الحسين، قال: حدثنا أبو الطاهر وحرملة، قالا:
حدثنا ابن وهب، أخبرني يونس، عن ابن شهاب، عن أنس بن مالك، قال: " لما قدم المهاجرون
من مكة ...